IF the amount of water is added in any pot then
the level of liquid in the container increases and water will be accumulated in
the container up to a certain level
after wards it will overflow. similarly if change is given to any conductor then it’ s level of charging or say potential will
increase . More the charge more the potential.
Thus we can conclude
potential of any conductor and amount of change present on the conductor and
proportional to each other. If we give
‘Q’ change to any conductor and increase in it’s potential is V
then
Q 
V
V
Q =VC Where, C is the electric capacity of the conductor
. or Capacitance of the
conductor of the conductor
CAPACITY OF ANY CONDUCTOR IS CONSTANT WHICH DEPENDS ON -->
(1)
Shape of the conductor (3) Medium around the conductor.
(2) Area of the conductor. (4) Presence of any other
conductor close to the charged conductor
Q=CV
(i) C=Q/V
(ii) If
V =Unit increase in potential
C=Q
DEFINITION OF ELECTRIC CAPACITY =>
Electric capacity of
any conductor is the ratio of charge given to the conductor and increase in the
potential of the conductor. OR .
Electric capacity of any conductor is numerically equal to the amount of
charge required to increase its potential
by unit.
Unit of capacity—
C=Q/V
1 Farad =106 Micro
Farad 1 Micro Farad= 10-6 Farad
1 Farad=1012 Pico
Farad 1 Pico Farad =10-12 Farad
Definition of One Farad =>
If the increase in potential of any conductor is one volt due to the
charge of one coulomb then the capacity
of the conductor will be one Farad .
CAPACITY OF ANY ISOLATED SPERICAL CONDUCTOR
Consider any
spherical conductor having radius ‘R’ center ‘O’ and charge given will be
uniformly distributed over the surface of the conductor so its surface will be
equipotent surface and electric lines of force will be along the radius now
potential on the conductor will be V-
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